Vikram Hospital has its own medical laboratory where tests are done on clinical specimens in order to get information about the health of a patient as pertaining to the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease. This department is divided into two sections, each of which being subdivided into multiple units. These two sections are:

• Anatomic pathology: units included here are histopathology, cytopathology, and electron microscopy. Academically, each unit is studied alone in one course. Other courses pertaining to this section include anatomy, physiology, histology, pathology, and pathophysiology.
• Clinical pathology, which includes:
  • Clinical Microbiology: This encompasses five different sciences (units). These include bacteriology, virology, parasitology, immunology, and mycology.
  • Clinical Chemistry: Units under this busy section include instrumental analysis of blood components, enzymology, toxicology and endocrinology.
  • Hematology: This section consists of automated and manual analysis of blood cells.
  • Genetics is also studied along with a subspecialty known as cytogenetics.
  • Reproductive biology: Semen analysis, Sperm bank and assisted reproductive technology.